ARCS: Conceptual Foundation

• Attention Need for stimulation & variety

  • curiosity, boredom, arousal

• Relevance Desire to satisfy basic motives

  • needs, motives, attractions

• Confidence Desire to feel competent and in control

  • attributions, expectancies, self-efficacy

• Satisfaction Desire to feel good about oneself

  • intrinsic motivation, extrinsic incentives, equity

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